One of the presented articles this week compared anti-TNF treatments with anti-IL-1 treatments in the CIA model. The article showed many more benefits when using the anti-IL-1 treatment, but did not have much information regarding human clinical trials. This article was from 1999, so I was very curious to see what some of the current anti-IL-1 treatments were.
I found the review article "Actual status of antiinterleukin-1 therapies in rheumatic diseases," which reviews some of the current clinical options for arthritis and rheumatic diseases. The article summarizes the pathophysiologic role of IL-1 and also goes over the three major types of anti-IL-1 treatments including Anakinra, Canakinumab, and Rilonacept. Anakinra is a treatment which prevents the binding of IL-1 by occupying the IL-1 receptors. Canakinumab is a fully human monoclonal anti-IL-1 beta antibody, which works by binding and neutralizing IL-1 beta. This was recently granted orphan drug status in Europe and the United States for the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rilonacept is a dimeric fusion protein that consist of the ligand-binding domain of IL-1RI and its accessory protein, which is designed to bind and neutralize circulating IL-1.
Many of the studies have so far concluded short-term benefits in terms of biochemical markers, joint damage, and inflammation, but data for long-term use is still being collected. The advancement of these types of treatments in the past decade has really helped fight arthritis by increasing therapeutic options, but continued observation for long-term effects and further advancement is still necessary.
The full article and description of the reviewed studies can be found here:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy2.library.arizona.edu/pubmed/20150813
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