Obesity is sometimes characterized by a low-grade systemic inflammation. This systemic inflammation is generally the cause of cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes in obese people. What causes these inflammatory response are adipose tissue partially composed of macrophages and lymphocytes. These adipose tissues release a wide variety of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory factors, e.g. adipokines leptin, adiponectin and chemokines.
Adipocytes and macrophages both contribute to the stimulus of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and high levels of IL-6 have been linked to CRP, which is a protein found in obese people. In addition, TNF-alpha can lead to insulin resistance by inducing serine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which can inhibit insulin signaling.
Although it is not clear on what causes these proinflammatory factors to be released from adipose tissues to produce the chronic inflammatory state of visceral diabetes, it is becoming a know fact in the research world that these inflammatory mediators are involved in the development of insulin resistance.
To see more about this topic visit:www.jacionline.org/article/PIIS0091674905004173/fulltext
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